One former advertising executive said an occasional problem at Publicis was the pace of decision-making.
"Some of this is driven by the individual at the top, some of it is defined by geographic culture," the executive said. "There is a lot of discussion at Publicis, whereas in an American culture, the issue is on the table, a decision gets made and everyone leaves the room."
Levy has dismissed the possibility of tensions in the Omnicom deal case. "It's in everyone's interest for this to be one unified group, with a single management and culture," he said on Sunday. "We need to create a harmonious team and not play silly games with people trying to impose being American or more French."
Omnicom's CEO John Wren sounded a similar note, insisting that the merged group would keep the Publicis building on the Champs Elysees and portraying the plans for a Dutch headquarters as a sign that Omnicom is shedding some of its U.S. identity.
Such arguments fell on deaf ears at France's CGT trade union. It said the merger went against the French government's effort to preserve French brands, adding that the new group would be dominated by the U.S. side in many areas.
The union called on the government and competition authorities to avoid a monopoly situation being created, adding that it would mobilise to protect jobs.
While a transition to a more U.S.-centric culture could eliminate one source of long-term bickering, the new entity may also be helped by the fact that both holding companies already grouped a diverse stable of agencies with different characters and styles, one analyst said.
"Within the advertising agency arena, M&A is embedded as a corporate strategy, so many of these companies have been part of deals consistently over the last 30 years and maintained profound brand independence, so they avoid conflicting companies where they can," said Jefferies analyst David Reynolds.
Respect for differing cultures under one roof has been particularly strong at the pre-merger Omnicom, which managed to keep the differences between such agencies as BBDO and TBWQ, said David Kershaw CEO of M&C Saatchi.
However, he added: "The bigger it gets and the more corporate it becomes, the more those cultures get homogenised." (Additional reporting by Jennifer Saba and Paul Sandle; editing by David Stamp)
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