Several conservative Republican senators were not persuaded, however. "This bill has no teeth...it throws $46 billion against the wall" with no guarantees of success, said Senator Tom Coburn of Oklahoma.
Meanwhile, some immigration advocacy groups also expressed frustration with changes to the bill. Frank Sharry, executive director of America's Voice, said of the proposed surge in border patrol agents and other security steps, "We think that what is contained in the amendment is terrible public policy. On the other hand, we recognize that as obnoxious as the amendment is from a policy perspective, it was probably necessary to pass the bill."
Sharry also complained that the amendment prohibits undocumented immigrants from getting credit for Social Security contributions they made while they were working in the country without authorization.
The overall bill, which would give new hope to the 11 million living in the United States illegally and invest more in border security, also would overhaul the U.S. visa system to give American farmers and high-tech firms better access to foreign labor.
If it passes the Senate, as expected, the debate would then move to the House of Representatives, where many Republicans are firmly opposed to granting citizenship to those who have been living in the United States illegally - even if they pay back taxes, learn English and have not been convicted of serious crimes.
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